HUBUNGAN ANTARA GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA RUANGAN, BUDAYA KESELAMATAN PASIEN, DAN INSIDEN KESELAMATAN PASIEN: SISTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Keywords:
Head Nurses’ Leadership Styles, Patient Safety Culture, Patient Safety Incidents, Systematic Literature Review, Transformational LeadershipAbstract
This study aims to analyze the relationship between head nurses’ leadership styles, patient safety culture, and patient safety incidents. The study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach following the PRISMA guidelines to review 15 articles published between 2020 and 2025. The analysis results indicate that head nurses’ leadership styles play a crucial role in shaping a positive patient safety culture and reducing safety incidents. Transformational, ethical, servant, and coaching leadership styles consistently enhance communication, teamwork, motivation, and open, non-punitive incident reporting. Conversely, authoritarian and laissez-faire leadership styles tend to deteriorate safety culture and reduce reporting levels. Organizational factors such as management support and the implementation of a “just culture” further strengthen the influence of leadership on patient safety. Therefore, improving patient safety depends not only on policies and systems but also on the quality and effectiveness of head nurses’ leadership in fostering a collaborative, communicative, and sustainable safety culture.
